The age at which bladder control is expected varies considerably.

Some parents expect dryness at a very early age, while others not until much later. Such a time line may reflect the culture and attitudes of the parents and caregivers.
Factors that affect the age at which wetting is considered a problem include the following:
The child's gender: Bedwetting is more common in boys.
The child's development and maturity
The child's overall physical and emotional health -- chronic illness and/or emotional and physical abuse may predispose to bedwetting.

Bedwetting is a very common problem.
Parents must realize that enuresis is involuntary. The child who wets the bed needs parental support and reassurance.
About 5-7 million children in the United States wet the bed. Most children simply outgrow bedwetting with a rate of resolution of the issue of about 15% per year.
The prevalence of childhood primary enuresis (see below for definition) is:
5 years old 16%
6 years old 13%
7 years old 10%
8 years old 7%
10 years old 5%
12-14 years old 2%-3%
over 15 years old 1%-2%
Bedwetting is a treatable condition.
While children with this embarrassing problem and their parents once had few choices except waiting to "grow out of it," there are now treatments that work for many children.
Several devices, treatments, and techniques have been developed to help these children stay dry at night.

There are various causes of bed wetting that are listed below:

      Psychological causes: When the child is stressed, then the incidence of bed wetting can increase. This can occur when the child starts going to school or when the parents either separate or have a divorce. These stressful events can cause bed wetting in children.
Anatomical causes: There can be malformations in the genito urinary system that can also lead to bed wetting in children.
Development problems: When the child has diseases like Down’s syndrome or Attention deficit disorder, there can be an increased incidence of bed wetting in such children.
Diseases: Bed wetting can also occur if there are diseases where there is excess production of urine. This is very common in diseases like Diabetes. It can also occur in conditions like urinary infection where bed wetting increases.
Other causes: There can also be other simple causes like:

• a. increased intake of fluids before sleeping.
• b. When the child is in a deep sleep, there can be bed wetting.
• c. Oversleeping can also cause bed wetting..

  

Primary enuresis -- bedwetting since infancy; and
Secondary enuresis -- wetting developed after being continually dry for a minimum of six months.
What is primary bedwetting ?

Primary bedwetting is generally viewed as a delay in maturation of the nervous system. At 5 years of age, approximately 20% of children wet the bed at least once a month with about 5% of males and 1% of females wetting nightly. By 6 years of age, only about 10% of children are bedwetters -- the large majority being boys. The percentage of all children who are bedwetters continues to diminish by 50% each year after 5 years of age. Family history plays a big roll in predicting primary bedwetting. If one parent was a bedwetter, the offspring have a 45% chance of a developing primary enuresis as well.

What causes secondary bedwetting ?

Urinary tract infections, metabolic disorders (for example, various types of diabetes), external pressure on the bladder (for example, extreme constipation by a large rectal stool mass), as well as neurologic disorders of the spinal cord must be considered among the causes of secondary bedwetting.
How is the cause of secondary bedwetting diagnosed ?

Generally, a complete history and thorough physical exam provide the initial evaluation of a child with primary bedwetting. A urinalysis and urine culture generally complete the workup. Further laboratory and radiological studies are usually reserved for the youngster who presents with secondary bedwetting.

• Psychological support and preventing the child from being stressed can help in preventing the incidence of bed wetting in children.

Here are some tips for helping your child stop wetting the bed. These are techniques that are most often successful.
Reduce evening fluid intake. The child should try to not take excessive fluids, chocolate, caffeine, carbonated drinks, or citrus after 3 p.m. Routine fluids with dinner are appropriate.

• The child should urinate in the toilet before bedtime.
• Set a goal for the child of getting up at night to use the toilet. Instead of focusing on making it through the night dry, help the child understand that it is more important to wake up every night to use the toilet.
• A system of sticker charts and rewards works for some children. The child gets a sticker on the chart for every night of remaining dry. Collecting a certain number of stickers earns a reward. For younger children, such a motivational approach has been shown to provide significant improvement (14 consecutive dry nights) in approximately 70% of children with a relapse rate (two wet nights out of 14) of only 5%.
• Make sure the child has safe and easy access to the toilet. Clear the path from his or her bed to the toilet and install night-lights. Provide a portable toilet if necessary.
• Some believe that you should avoid using diapers or pull-ups at home because they can interfere with the motivation to wake up and use the toilet. Others argue that pull-ups help the child feel more independent and confident. Many parents limit their use to camping trips or sleepovers.
• The parents' attitude toward the bedwetting is all-important in motivating the child.
  Focus on the problem: bedwetting. Avoid blaming or punishing the child. The child cannot control the bedwetting, and blaming and punishing just make the problem worse.
• Be patient and supportive. Reassure and encourage the child often. Do not make an issue out the bedwetting each time it happens.
• Enforce a "no teasing" rule in the family. No one is allowed to tease the child about the bedwetting, including those outside the immediate family. Do not discuss the bedwetting in front of other family members.
• Help the child understand that the responsibility for being dry is his or hers and not that of the parents. Reassure the child that you want to help him or her overcome the problem. If applicable, remind him that a close relative successfully dealt with this same issue.
• The child should be included in the clean-up process.
• To increase comfort and reduce damage, use washable absorbent sheets, waterproof bed covers, and room deodorizers.

  

• As most of the primary bedwetters have a problem of nervous system, homeopathic medicines help regulating the system and help alleviate the problem of bedwettingA growing number of parents today are concerned about the side effects of conventional drugs, especially in the treatment of young children. Here are some of the reasons why every parent should consider Homeopathy for their children. Homeopathy is a safe system of Medicine for children. Children being more susceptible, respond quicker to Homeopathy. Homeopathic treatment being based on the ‘Constitutional Approach’ treats the disease at the root level, hence enhancing the resistance power of the child. Homeopathy is also considered child friendly as the Homeopathic pills being sweet in taste, is accepted readily by children, without a fuss. The Homeopathic remedies act both on the psychological, physiological and physical level to relieve the condition of Bed-wetting. The Homeopathic remedies will prevent any unwanted contractions of the bladder and restore normal bladder musculature, function and urethral sphincter control, hence, preventing any involuntary passing of urine. Homeopathic remedies have been formulated to treat Nocturnal Enuresis or Bed-wetting naturally without disturbing the endocrine system and it reduces anxiety, which is attributed to cause bed-wetting in children. These remedies are natural, gentle, safe and can be given to children of any age.

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